Point pattern analysis (PPA): is a spatial statistical method that is used to study the distribution of objects that can be represented as points in geographic space. Specifically, PPA tests the hypothesis that the data in a particular study area are dis
CSR: meets assumptions of uniformity and independence.
Cluster: group of points that are significantly closer together than one would observe for the same number of points over the same area if the pattern was one of CSR.
Regular: group of points that are significantly further apart than one would observe for the same number of points over the same area if the pattern was one of CSR.
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